測驗時間 40 分鐘:第一部分中譯英(40%)、第二部分英文作文(60%)。本回是挑戰級:句子要更完整,論證要有層次。
請將下列的一段中文翻譯成通順、達意且前後連貫的英文。
在英文課上,老師說,許多英文的說法都來自聖經(Bible)和古老的傳說。古人相信,這類故事能教化(civilize)年輕人,教他們分辨是非。在古老的傳說裡,女神(goddess)擁有人類所沒有的神聖(divine)力量,這就是為什麼今天人們仍用 divine 來形容美妙得不像凡間的事物。另一些說法來自民間傳說,像是「魔鬼藏在細節裡(devil)」,提醒我們小錯誤可能毀掉整個計畫。每年萬聖節,不少孩子會打扮成女巫(witch)出門要糖,卻很少人知道這個形象最早出現在古老的歐洲故事裡。老師強調,了解宗教(religion)與傳說,並不是為了相信它們,而是為了讀懂別人的文化。
目前 0 個英文字參考長度約 120–150 字
請依下面的提示寫一篇英文作文,長度約 170 至 200 字(10 至 14 個句子,可分兩段)。可以是一個完整的段落,也可以分段。(評分重點:內容、組織、文法、用字遣詞、標點符號、大小寫。)
近年來,越來越多觀光客湧入歷史悠久的寺廟與古蹟,不但造成建築受損,也干擾了當地信徒的生活。請寫一篇文章:
目前 0 個英文字範文約 165–205 字(考試要求約 180 字)
批改花的是你自己的 AI 額度。建議在老師或家長陪同下使用;AI 給的分數只是練習用的估計,不是官方分數。
In English class, our teacher said that many English expressions come from the Bible and from ancient legends. People in ancient times believed that such stories could help civilize the young by teaching them right from wrong. In ancient legends, a goddess has divine powers that humans do not have, which is why we still use the word 'divine' to describe something wonderful. Other sayings come from folk tales, such as 'the devil is in the details,' which reminds us that small mistakes can ruin a whole plan. Every Halloween, many children dress up as witches and go out for candy, but few know that this image first appeared in old European stories. Our teacher stressed that learning about religion and legends is not about believing them but about understanding other people's cultures.
在英文課上,老師說,許多英文的說法都來自聖經(Bible)和古老的傳說。
In English class, our teacher said that many English expressions come from the Bible and from ancient legends.
said that… 是間接敘述。這裡的 that 子句談的是「現在仍然成立的事實」,所以動詞用現在式 come,不一定要往前推成過去式。the Bible 專指《聖經》,要加 the 並且大寫;from 重複使用兩次,讓兩個來源並列得更清楚。
古人相信,這類故事能教化(civilize)年輕人,教他們分辨是非。
People in ancient times believed that such stories could help civilize the young by teaching them right from wrong.
civilize 是動詞,「使有教養、使文明」,這裡指透過故事培養品德。help + 原形動詞(help civilize)是「幫助…」,help 後面可以省略 to。the young 是「年輕人」(the + 形容詞表示一群人)。by + V-ing 是「藉由…」;right from wrong 是「是非對錯」。
在古老的傳說裡,女神(goddess)擁有人類所沒有的神聖(divine)力量,這就是為什麼今天人們仍用 divine 來形容美妙得不像凡間的事物。
In ancient legends, a goddess has divine powers that humans do not have, which is why we still use the word 'divine' to describe something wonderful.
that humans do not have 是限定關係子句,修飾 powers,that 在子句裡作 have 的受詞。which is why… 的 which 指前面整件事,意思是「這就是為什麼…」。divine 當形容詞是「神的、神聖的」,在口語中也能形容「極好的」。something 後面的形容詞要放在後面:something wonderful。
另一些說法來自民間傳說,像是「魔鬼藏在細節裡(devil)」,提醒我們小錯誤可能毀掉整個計畫。
Other sayings come from folk tales, such as 'the devil is in the details,' which reminds us that small mistakes can ruin a whole plan.
such as 用來舉例。the devil is in the details 是慣用語,意思是「成敗常常取決於細節」;devil 在這裡只是比喻,不指真正的魔鬼。which 指前面整句話,後面用單數動詞 reminds。remind sb that… 是「提醒某人…」。
每年萬聖節,不少孩子會打扮成女巫(witch)出門要糖,卻很少人知道這個形象最早出現在古老的歐洲故事裡。
Every Halloween, many children dress up as witches and go out for candy, but few know that this image first appeared in old European stories.
dress up as… 是「裝扮成…」,witch 的複數是 witches(字尾 -ch 加 es)。few 與 a few 不同:few 帶否定意味,意思是「幾乎沒有人」。know that… 的 that 子句是名詞子句;first appeared 是「最早出現」。
老師強調,了解宗教(religion)與傳說,並不是為了相信它們,而是為了讀懂別人的文化。
Our teacher stressed that learning about religion and legends is not about believing them but about understanding other people's cultures.
stressed that… 是「強調…」,後面的 that 子句談一般看法,所以用現在式。learning about… 是動名詞片語,作子句的主詞,動詞用單數 is。not about A but about B 是「不是為了 A,而是為了 B」,A 與 B 的形式要相同(都用 about + V-ing)。religion 泛指宗教時是不可數名詞。
Every spring, thousands of tourists crowd into the old temple in my grandmother's town, where pilgrims once walked in silence to offer their prayers. The cause is easy to see: it is social media that has turned the temple into a famous place for photographs. Attracted by cheap tours, visitors arrive in large groups, touching the carved walls of the holy hall and talking loudly while monks and nuns try to pray. Worse still, local people of faith feel that their own temple no longer belongs to them.
Three measures could help. First, it is essential that the monument limit the number of daily visitors, so that the buildings can recover and believers can enjoy some peace. Second, part of each ticket price should go to repairs, so that tourism brings lasting benefit instead of short-term profit. Third, guides could teach visitors how to behave in a religious place. If tourists understood that a temple is not a stage but a living part of someone's faith, they would treat it with more care. Only then can a monument remain both a treasure of civilization and a place where visitors and believers share the space in harmony.
每年春天,成千上萬的觀光客湧進我祖母那個小鎮的老廟,從前朝聖者曾在這裡靜靜走過,獻上他們的祈禱。原因很容易看出來:正是社群媒體,把這座廟變成了知名的拍照景點。受到便宜行程的吸引,遊客成群結隊地到來,觸摸神聖殿堂上雕刻的牆面,在僧人與尼師們努力祈禱時大聲交談。更糟的是,當地的信仰者覺得,自己的廟宇已不再屬於他們。
有三項措施可以幫上忙。首先,古蹟必須限制每日的參觀人數,讓建築能夠恢復,也讓信徒能享有一點平靜。其次,每張門票的一部分應該用於修繕,使觀光帶來長遠的益處,而不是短期的利潤。第三,導覽員可以教遊客在宗教場所該怎麼表現。如果觀光客明白,廟宇不是舞台,而是某些人信仰中活生生的一部分,他們就會更用心地對待它。唯有如此,古蹟才能既是文明的瑰寶,也是遊客與信徒能和諧共享的地方。
本題屬於「因果+對策型」,須先分析原因與影響,再提出具體對策。第一段先以具體場景開場(每年春天湧入的觀光客與從前靜默的朝聖者形成對比),接著點出原因(用強調句 it is… that… 指出社群媒體是關鍵,讓寺廟成為拍照景點,再加上便宜行程),再寫影響(觸摸牆面、大聲交談、信徒覺得場所不再屬於自己),用 Worse still 把最嚴重的影響放最後。第二段先用 Three measures could help 預告有三個建議,再用 First/Second/Third 逐一提出(限制人數,用 it is essential that + 原形動詞表達必要性;門票用於修繕;教遊客禮儀),每項對策都對應前面的一個問題;最後用假設句說明改變的關鍵,並以 Only then can… 的倒裝句收尾,呼應主題。全文以中立、尊重的角度討論宗教場所,沒有評論任何信仰,這是處理宗教與文化遺產題材時要特別注意的態度。
where pilgrims once walked in silence to offer their prayers
where 引導非限定關係子句,補充說明地點(老廟),前面加逗號。once 在這裡是「從前」,說明朝聖者過去曾在這裡靜靜走過,暗示現在情況已經不同。to offer… 是表目的的不定詞。
We visited the old market, where my mother used to work.
我們去了那個老市場,我母親以前在那裡工作。
The cause is easy to see
用 The cause is… 直接點出原因,冒號後面再說明。這種「先點題、再解釋」的寫法讓因果關係一目了然,也方便讀者跟上論點。
The reason is simple: the road was closed.
原因很簡單:那條路封閉了。
it is social media that has turned the temple into a famous place for photographs
強調句型 It is + 被強調的部分 + that…,這裡強調 social media,表示「正是社群媒體」造成這個改變。turn A into B 是「把 A 變成 B」;現在完成式 has turned 表示變化已經發生,並且影響到現在。強調句裡的 that 後面接的是去掉被強調部分的完整句子,把 it is…that 拿掉,仍是一個完整的句子。
It was the heavy rain that ruined our picnic.
正是那場大雨毀了我們的野餐。
it is essential that the monument limit the number of daily visitors
It is essential/vital/important that + S + 原形動詞(可省略 should):表示「必須…」的要求或建議。that 子句的動詞一律用原形,即使主詞是單數也不加 s,所以寫 the monument limit,不是 limits。同類動詞還有 suggest、insist、recommend、demand。
It is essential that every student arrive on time.
每位學生準時到達是非常必要的。
Attracted by cheap tours, visitors arrive in large groups, touching the carved walls of the holy hall
Attracted by… 是過去分詞構句,表被動(遊客「被」吸引)和原因;touching… 是現在分詞構句,補充說明遊客同時做的動作。兩個分詞構句的主詞都是 visitors。in large groups 是「成群結隊地」。
Excited by the news, she ran home, shouting for joy.
因為這個消息而興奮,她邊歡呼邊跑回家。
local people of faith feel that their own temple no longer belongs to them
that 子句是名詞子句,作 feel 的受詞。no longer 是「不再」,放在動詞 belongs 前面。belong to 是「屬於」,沒有進行式與被動語態。Worse still 放在句首,用來引出更嚴重的影響。
Many students feel that the exam was too long.
許多學生覺得這場考試太長了。
so that the buildings can recover and believers can enjoy some peace
so that + S + can/could + V 表示「以便、好讓」,說明前面措施的目的。這句用兩個並列的子句(the buildings can recover/believers can enjoy…),分別對應建築與人兩方面的好處。
I wrote it down so that I would not forget.
我把它寫下來,這樣才不會忘記。
a temple is not a stage but a living part of someone's faith
not A but B 是「不是 A,而是 B」,用來糾正常見的錯誤看法。A 與 B 要詞性相同:這裡都是名詞片語(a stage/a living part of…)。這種對比能清楚帶出自己的觀點。
He is not a teacher but a doctor.
他不是老師,而是醫生。
If tourists understood that a temple is not a stage but a living part of someone's faith, they would treat it with more care
與現在事實相反的假設:If + S + 過去式, S + would + 原形。注意 that 子句裡談的是普遍事實,所以仍用現在式 is,不必跟著 understood 改成過去式。with more care 是「更小心地」。
If people knew the truth, they would act differently.
如果人們知道真相,他們的行為就會不同。
Only then can a monument remain both a treasure of civilization and a place where visitors and believers share the space in harmony
Only then 放在句首表示「唯有那時」,後面的主要子句要倒裝(助動詞 can 放到主詞 a monument 前面)。both A and B 連接兩個對等的名詞片語。這個句型適合放在文章結尾,語氣有力。
Only then did I understand what she meant.
直到那時,我才明白她的意思。
is not about believing them but about understanding other people's cultures
not about A but about B 是「不是為了 A,而是為了 B」,A 與 B 都用 about + V-ing,形式一致。這句表達的是老師的看法:認識宗教是為了理解他人,不是為了要求誰去相信。
Success is not about winning but about trying your best.
成功不在於贏,而在於盡力而為。
| 單字 | 本回用法 |
|---|---|
| Bible | the Bible 聖經;專指基督教的《聖經》,要加 the 並大寫 |
| civilization | an ancient civilization 古老的文明;a treasure of civilization 文明的瑰寶 |
| civilize | civilize the young 教化年輕人(v.);civilized 是形容詞「文明的、有教養的」 |
| devil | the devil is in the details 魔鬼藏在細節裡(慣用語,比喻成敗取決於細節) |
| divine | divine powers 神聖的力量(adj.);also used for something 極好的,如 a divine dessert |
| faith | people of faith 有信仰的人;have faith in sb 對某人有信心 |
| goddess | a goddess 女神;god 的陰性,複數 goddesses |
| holy | a holy hall 神聖的殿堂;the Holy Land 聖地 |
| monk | a Buddhist monk 佛教僧人;monk 指男性修行者 |
| monument | a historic monument 歷史古蹟;monument 也指紀念碑 |
| nun | a nun 修女、尼師;nun 指女性修行者 |
| pilgrim | a pilgrim 朝聖者;make a pilgrimage 朝聖 |
| religion | learn about religion 認識宗教;religion 泛指宗教時不可數,指某一宗教時可數 |
| religious | a religious place 宗教場所;religious beliefs 宗教信仰 |
| witch | dress up as a witch 打扮成女巫;witch 的複數是 witches |
| benefit | lasting benefit 長遠的益處(n.);benefit from 從…得到好處(v.) |
| short-term | short-term profit 短期利潤;與 long-term 長期的相對 |
| harmony | in harmony 和諧地;live in harmony with nature 與自然和諧共處 |
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